Knowledge base
Research areas
Compounds grouped by the biology and chemistry they share. Each area page explains what the compounds have in common, which analytical points matter for the group and which guides to read next.
Incretin-related peptides are engineered analogues of gut and pancreatic hormones that act on class B G protein-coupled receptors: the GLP-1, GIP, glucagon, amylin and…
9 compoundsGrowth hormone axis peptidesGrowth hormone axis peptides act on the growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) receptor or on the ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a), or are growth-factor and hormone…
2 compoundsCopper peptidesCopper peptides are short peptides that bind copper(II) through a histidine imidazole and neighbouring nitrogens, forming blue complexes; GHK-Cu and AHK-Cu are the two…
6 compoundsShort regulatory and thymic peptidesThis group contains very short regulatory peptides (Epithalon, Cartalax) described by the Khavinson group and the thymic peptides thymosin alpha 1 and thymosin beta-4.
4 compoundsHost-defence and tissue-repair peptidesThese peptides come from gastric, antimicrobial, hormonal and cytokine contexts and are studied in models of host defence, inflammation and tissue repair.
8 compoundsNeuropeptide-derived peptidesThis group contains peptides that are native neuropeptides or hormones (oxytocin, kisspeptin-10, gonadorelin) and engineered analogues of neuropeptides (Selank, Semax,…
3 compoundsMelanocortin peptidesMelanocortin peptides are analogues of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) that act on the melanocortin receptors MC1R to MC5R; Melanotan I, Melanotan II and…
2 compoundsMitochondria-related peptidesMitochondria-related peptides are either designed to accumulate in mitochondria (SS-31) or encoded by the mitochondrial genome (MOTS-c).
5 compoundsMetabolites and small moleculesThese compounds are not peptides: NAD+, glutathione and L-carnitine are metabolites, and 5-Amino-1MQ and SLU-PP-332 are synthetic small molecules used as tool compounds.
5 compoundsMulti-component research blendsMulti-component research blends combine several ingredients in one vial. They range from peptide blends such as GLOW and Klow to mixed formulations of vitamins, amino…
How the groups work
A research area is a way of reading across compounds. Peptides that act on the same receptor family, share a structural motif or pose the same analytical problem are grouped, so that a reader who understands one member can predict how to check the others. The incretin group, for instance, has lipidated molecules whose mass spectra are charge envelopes, while the copper-peptide group has metal isotope patterns that change what an expected mass looks like.
Blends sit in their own group because their analysis is different in kind. A vial that contains several components needs an identity check and an amount for each one, as the guide to multi-component blends explains.
Frequently asked questions
How are Vesta compounds grouped into research areas?
By the biology and chemistry they share, for example receptor family, structural class or the analytical problems they pose. Each area page lists its compounds, the analytical points that matter for the group and the guides to read next.
Why does the area matter when checking a batch?
Compounds in one area often share features that change the analysis: lipidated peptides give charge envelopes in mass spectrometry, copper peptides give isotope doublets, and short peptides need an exact mass rather than a charge series.
Where can I see the identity data for a single compound?
Every compound has its own reference page with formula, mass, expected ions, analytical notes, literature and Vesta listings. The compound index lists them all and can be filtered by name or formula.
Browse all compound references → · How the data is checked →