Metabolites and small molecules
NAD+
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a small-molecule coenzyme found in all living cells; it carries electrons in redox reactions and is consumed by sirtuins, PARP enzymes and CD38.
- TypeSmall molecule
- FormulaC21H27N7O14P2
- Average mass663.43 g/mol
- CAS53-84-9
- Vesta listings2
Reference page for laboratory use · updated 2026-10-30
Overview
NAD+ at a glance
NAD+ is not a peptide. It is a dinucleotide made of nicotinamide and adenine linked through two phosphate groups, and its metabolism is covered by detailed reviews in Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology.
In the laboratory it is used as a coenzyme or substrate in enzyme assays and in studies of NAD+ metabolism and consumption.
Structure
The molecular formula is C21H27N7O14P2. PubChem gives the formula for the neutral form; commercial NAD+ may be supplied as the free acid or as a sodium salt, which have different molecular weights.
Identity
Identity data
| Name | NAD+ |
|---|---|
| Also written as | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, Diphosphopyridine nucleotide |
| Type | Small molecule |
| Research area | Metabolites and small molecules |
| Molecular formula | C21H27N7O14P2 |
| Monoisotopic mass | 663.1091 Da |
| Average molecular weight | 663.43 g/mol |
| CAS number | 53-84-9, 64417-72-7 |
| PubChem record | CID 5892 |
The formula comes from the PubChem record; monoisotopic mass is calculated from the formula and the average mass uses standard atomic weights. Reference data retrieved on 2026-10-30. Compare these values with the batch certificate of analysis, using the compound identity file template.
Expected values
Mass spectrometry reference
Ions calculated from the monoisotopic mass 663.1091 Da. Use them to check an LC-MS result; for larger peptides the instrument usually reports a deconvoluted mass close to 663.4 Da instead.
| Ion | m/z |
|---|---|
| [M+H]+ | 664.1164 |
| [M+2H]2+ | 332.5618 |
| [M+Na]+ | 686.0983 |
| [M+K]+ | 702.0723 |
Read the guide to average and monoisotopic mass for how these values are calculated.
Quality
Analytical notes for batch documents
- NAD+ is analysed by HPLC with UV detection at 260 nm and by NMR or enzymatic assays, rather than by the peptide-style workflow of HPLC at 214 nm.
- In solution NAD+ degrades, especially at alkaline pH; the COA should state the assay method, the water content and the form supplied.
- The molecular weight of a vial of powder includes counter-ions and water; the share of the powder that is peptide is the net peptide content.
Vesta listings
NAD+ formats and prices
Research blends that contain NAD+
Prices are per kit of 10 vials in US dollars. Shipping is paid by the customer and is shown in the cart. Volume savings of 5 %, 8 % and 10 % apply from $350.00, $600.00 and $1,000.00. See the full price list.
Published literature
Selected scientific literature
Bibliographic details were read from PubMed on 2026-10-30. The papers are listed for scientific reference; Vesta makes no claim about the use of its research materials in people or animals.
- NAD(+) metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during ageingCovarrubias AJ, Perrone R, Grozio A et al. · Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol · 2021 · PMID 33353981
- Regulation of and challenges in targeting NAD(+) metabolismMigaud ME, Ziegler M, Baur JA et al. · Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol · 2024 · PMID 39026037
Questions
Frequently asked questions
What is NAD+?
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a small-molecule coenzyme found in all living cells; it carries electrons in redox reactions and is consumed by sirtuins, PARP enzymes and CD38.
What is the molecular weight of NAD+?
NAD+ has the formula C21H27N7O14P2, an average molecular weight of 663.43 g/mol and a monoisotopic mass of 663.1091 Da. A salt form, a different counter-ion or a metal complex changes the molecular weight printed on a certificate of analysis, so compare like with like.
How can I check the identity of a batch of NAD+?
Compare the intact mass measured by LC-MS with the expected values on this page, for example [M+2H]2+ at m/z 332.5618. Confirm that one main HPLC peak carries that mass and that the batch code on the report matches the vial. The guides on mass spectrometry and on certificates of analysis explain each step.
Which NAD+ products does Vesta list?
Vesta lists 2 products for NAD+, plus 2 research blends that contain it. Prices are shown per kit in US dollars, and shipping is paid by the customer.